Comparisons between measured and simulated velocity magnitude |V| distributions with the duration of CA10 (left), and 2D velocity components |u| and |w| showing distribution of the velocity direction (right). In all cases, the velocities have been spatially averaged over a 12 mm × 6 mm region in the vicinity of the spark-plug gap (y = −4.5 mm, Fig. 1) at SOIgn (342 °aTDCe). For the experiments, all 1500 cycles and 60 representative cycles are shown, the latter to provide a clearer visual comparison with the 60-cycle LES results.