Supplementary material

S1. Schematic of the reactor setup

Figure S1. Schematic of the reactor setup.

S2. Steel tube reactors after CaCO₃ coating treatment

Figure S2. Tube reactors after CaCO₃ coating treatment. The upper reactor is made of mild steel and the bottom one is made of stainless steel.

S3. Tube reactor pre-treatment

S4. Stainless steel tube reactor materials with different roughness

Figure S3. Stainless steel tube reactor materials. (a) High surface roughness (Grainger, Houston, TX); (b) Low surface roughness (Swagelok, Houston, TX).

S5. Saturation index calculation

S6. Impact of surface roughness on CaCO₃ surface coating

Figure S4. CaCO₃ surface coating using stainless materials of different surface roughness. (a) High surface roughness material; (b) Low surface roughness material. A fraction of the attached CaCO₃ was peeled off; (c) SEM image of the edge of CaCO₃ on the surface of low roughness material.

S7. Mass transfer coefficient calculation

© Z. Zhang et al., published by IFP Energies nouvelles, 2020