Correlation and modelling of the penetration and softening point tests of bitumen binders with a variety of physical and chemical properties | Oil & Gas Science and Technology

Open Access

Table 4

Performance parameters of the different proposed models for prediction of SP or PEN.

Predicted Property	Variable(s) used in Modelling	Type of Model	Number of PCs (For PLS models)	Calibration			Validation (LOO)
Predicted Property	Variable(s) used in Modelling	Type of Model	Number of PCs (For PLS models)	R ²	RMSEC	Bias	R ²	RMSECV	Bias
SP (°C)	VisDy100	Log Model^a	–	0.976	2.2	0	0.920	2.6	0
	FT-IR	PLS	8	0.999	0.5	0	0.977	2.3	0.5
	H-NMR	PLS	2	0.320	11.7	0	0.055	14.0	−1.7
	VisDy100, AspC5, AspC7, N, SD5%, SD30%	PLS	4	0.995	1.0	0	0.987	1.7	0.2
PEN (dmm)	VisDy100	Power Model	–	0.936	25	0	0.930	31	−7
	FT-IR	PLS	5	0.912	35	−1	0.717	65	−2
	H-NMR	PLS	2	0.206	102	0	0.026	117	8
	VisDy100, CCR, H/C, SD0.5%, SD30%	PLS	4	0.988	13	−2	0.973	20	−6

Log Model = logarithmic model.

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