Table 2
Summary of the results of different analytical techniques (a) used in all bitumen samples analysis (except FT-IR), which include range (minimum – maximum), mean and standard deviation (SD). The result shows clearly the diversity of the samples under investigation.
| Parameters | Range | Mean ± SD | Parameter | Range | Mean ± SD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VisDy100 (mPa.s) | 533–54 775 | 10 449 ± 16 542 | SD0.5% (°C) | 305.8–461 | 401.9 ± 47 |
| B VisDy | 3.27–5.65 | 3.65 ± 0.62 | SD5% (°C) | 443.5–528.5 | 494.1 ± 23.4 |
| CCR (%m/m) | 14.9–27.6 | 19.9 ± 4.2 | SD10% (°C) | 476.7–552.2 | 520.6 ± 19.7 |
| AspC5 (%m/m) | 8.4–31.9 | 18.6 ± 9.4 | SD20% (°C) | 522.6–585.3 | 554.3 ± 16.6 |
| AspC7 (%m/m) | 2.1–23.5 | 10.1 ± 7.1 | SD30% (°C) | 561.2–613.3 | 582.7 ± 14.3 |
| Ni (mg/Kg) | 28–115 | 64 ± 23 | SD40% (°C) | 587.6–640.9 | 610.4 ± 14.0 |
| V (mg/Kg) | 9–450 | 195 ± 132 | Hg (%) | 12.61–16.95 | 15.08 ± 1.14 |
| C (%m/m) | 82.7–87.5 | 84.9 ± 1.4 | Hb (%) | 52.49–68.84 | 63.44 ± 3.91 |
| H (%m/m) | 9.6–11.2 | 10.4 ± 0.5 | Ha (%) | 9.54–17.54 | 14.34 ± 2.14 |
| H/C | 0.11–0.13 | 0.12 ± 0.00 | Har (%) | 4.68–16.89 | 7.15 ± 3.00 |
| N (mg/Kg) | 4011–7545 | 5841 ± 1184 | SP (°C) | 31.8–76.6 | 48.5 ± 14.8 |
| O (%m/m) | 0.22–0.97 | 0.52 ± 0.19 | PEN (dmm) | 16–318 | 145 ± 119 |
| S (%m/m) | 0.4–5.9 | 3.5 ± 1.7 |